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a, Montreal, News

Anti-protest law ruled unconstitutional

by Calvin Trottier-Chi on

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Article 500.1 of Quebec’s Highway Safety Code, previously used to disperse and ticket protesters, has been repealed. Quebec Superior Justice Guy Cournoyer issued a ruling on Nov. 12, declaring the article unconstitutional. Quebec will have six months to amend the code.

 

The article in question

 

The Highway Safety Code is a provincial set of laws outlining legal procedure on Quebec’s highways. Article 500.1 prohibits vehicles or obstacles obstructing the highway unless previously authorized by the law. 

“No person may […] place a vehicle or obstacle thereon so as to obstruct vehicular traffic,” Article 500.1 reads. “This section does not apply during parades or other popular events previously authorized.”

Cournoyer stated that the article was used to break up protests, violating the Quebec and Canadian Charters of Rights and Freedoms. He argued that the law was intended to prevent people from blocking roads with vehicles, not to discourage protests.

Article  500.1 was first used against demonstrations during the 15th annual anti-police brutality protest on March 15, 2011. Altogether, 239 people were arrested during the protest, with most charged under the Highway Safety Code and fined $500. 

 

Usage of Article 500.1

 

Along with municipal bylaw P-6, which requires protesters to provide the police with an itinerary and prohibits the wearing of masks during protests, article 500.1 has been heavily criticized by protesters for infringing on individuals’ freedoms. Paul Ayotte, an organizer of the Confederation of National Trade Unions (CSN) demonstration that took place on Nov. 16 on McGill campus, is firmly against the use of article 500.1.

“I think it’s wrong,” Ayotte said. “Absolutely wrong. We have a right to free assembly and having to ask permission to have that right shouldn’t exist, we should just be able to have the right.”

Students’ Society of McGill University (SSMU) Vice-President (VP) External Emily Boytinck administrates all SSMU contingents of protests. She voiced similar concerns over the use of Article 500.1 to disband protests.

“I firmly believe that everyone has the right to take to the streets and demonstrate, and I’m grateful to see that one of the avenues used to ticket activists is no longer viable,” Boytinck said.

Protesters charged with a P-6 violation are fined $637, while an Article 500.1 violation costs $500. Boytinck expressed sympathy for students faced with these potential expenses, and felt that the existence of such fees, in addition to students’ generally unstable finances, discourages them from demonstrating.

“I believe that these laws have created a culture of fear for student activists,” Boytinck said. “Add the risk of getting ticketed to the risks that you will be exposed to tear gas or even pepper spray, and the likelihood that people will feel safe and comfortable going to a demonstration will be decreased.”

Ayotte and his colleagues were against the article because of what it represents.

“I think notifying the police isn’t a problem, but you shouldn’t have to ask them permission for anything,” Ayotte said. “They shouldn’t have the right to refuse, and if they didn’t have the right to refuse, why even ask in the first place.”

 

Implications of the Ruling

 

Boytinck hopes that this ruling will inspire a similar rejection of P-6.

“The SSMU has previously condemned this bylaw by writing an open letter to the city of Montreal and encouraging our membership to go to demonstrations against P-6,” Boytinck said.

The Montreal Police Service (SPVM) declined to comment. It is currently unknown how those with 500.1 tickets will be absolved, or whether those previously ticketed will be compensated.

a, Student Life

Winter style forecast

by Sasha Huebener on

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FELT COAT

The felt coat has popped up during fall, and is likely to prevail throughout the winter season. With influential designers such as Celine, the coat can reach as long as mid-calf length, is a tad oversized, and can commonly be found in neutral colours such as grey, black, camel, and olive. Its beauty lies in the fact that it is fabulous for layering and has a sleek, minimal look—no fuss about it. This style of coat can be found at stores like Zara, Club Monaco, and Aritzia. It screams for winter to bring it on, while exuding a calm sophistication, pairing perfectly with boyfriend jeans, skinny jeans—any kind of jeans really—and the cosiest sweater possible. Add extra texture and patterns with a blanket scarf, which is also perfect for those days when four layers become necessary, but buttoning up the jacket becomes a tedious mission.

(tumblr.com)
(tumblr.com)

THE GIANT HAT/FLUFFY HEAD ACCESSORY

It may be easy to be dissuaded by the obnoxious Pom Pom, but don’t be—one might as well let their winter accessories make a statement, and these hats make a fantastic conversation piece. The chunkier the knit, the better. Topshop provides an array of fantastic colours, and they have proven themselves to be warm enough to survive winter in style. Have a fear of hat hair? Perhaps earmuffs are more suitable. They are particularly practical for days with perfectly styled hair. American Apparel sells these in a plenty of shades for colour coordinating for those who prefer to go all out.

(pinterest.com)
(pinterest.com)

CREWNECK JUMPER

Throw it back to Alex Wang’s H&M collection with this structured sweater. The myriad of layering opportunities will allow this staple to smoothly translate from fall to winter wardrobes. The style has appeared in collections of other designers such as Acne Studios and Public School. It’s a classier, sleeker take on the hoodie that is characteristic of Scandinavian minimalistic style (and similar to wearing joggers, it hardly looks like you’re sporting loungewear). Wear it plain, or throw in some preppiness with a white button down shirt underneath, but make sure the bottom of the shirt is long enough to be seen from under the sweater. For versatility purposes, invest in a neutral colour such as grey. The lighter colour will also brighten spirits during the drab winter months.

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GLITTER

Winter is festive! This is the one time a year where people above the age of 10 are exempt from dressing glitter-free; thus, it is the time to wholly embrace the glitz. Glitter really should be a year-round trend; however it seems to associate itself mainly with the holiday season. Since the Balmain for H&M came and went in a matter of minutes, the one thing that’s had a lasting impact was the shimmer on many of the clothing items. A little bit of sparkle goes a long way, and can come in the form sequins, beads, thread, metallics, etc.—it embellishes any outfit for any soiree that may arise, especially during December. 

a, Editorial, Opinion

Editorial: Contradictory policy in Quebec will enable hate, not protect from radicalization

by McGill Tribune Editorial Board on

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Cases of xenophobia and Islamophobia have erupted across Canada. Since the terrorist attacks in Paris, a mosque in Peterborough, ON. was set on fire, two Muslim women were targeted on public transportation in Toronto, and a Quebec man has been arrested for threatening to kill an Arab every week. In this context, McGill may seem like an oasis; current and former McGill students displayed their trust and unity in public spaces. Muslims have gone on the defensive to ensure that they are not associated with the militant fundamentalists behind the terrorist attacks that have taken place around the world. Rebuilding trust within the community is more important, and more difficult than ever; the provincial government may take the first steps in creating a new paradigm of inclusivity and tolerance.

With any act of terrorism, attitudes change. But, as Canada’s Minister of Defence Harjit Sajjan has stated, maintaining a free and democratic society is the best defence against violent Islamic fundamentalists. And yet this is easier said than done. One need only look back to 2013, and the debate surrounding the Charter of Values in Quebec for a glimpse into the attitudes that are held by many in this province.

 

If hindsight is 20/20, the picture is bleak; for all the talk of inclusivity and a new era of tolerance in Quebec, little is being done to ensure that the society these refugees are coming to will be welcoming. 

Currently, while some American states chose to close their borders to refugees, the Quebec government and Canada are ambitious in their humanitarian objectives. The Canadian government has pledged to bring 25,000 refugees before the end of 2015, and Quebec has said it will welcome up to 6,000 refugees this year. Most Syrian refugees have so far been supported by private sponsorship, not the government. The message that the provincial government is sending is worse than mixed; it is muddled and opaque. If hindsight is 20/20, the picture is bleak; for all the talk of inclusivity and a new era of tolerance in Quebec, little is being done to ensure that the society these refugees are coming to will be welcoming. The result is a marginalization of already marginalized groups, which is complicit to the hate that Premier Couillard says he stands against.

Quebec society has a history of pockets of xenophobia. In 2015, Rania El-Alloul was not allowed to wear her hijab in a Quebec courtroom. The former Conservative government’s stance on the niqab issue garnered support in Quebec in the 2015 federal election. Given the current international political situation, and the violence that has already transpired against women wearing niqabs and mosques, policies that promote tolerance are more important than ever. But despite the high stakes, the Quebec legislature is passing contradictory legislation that, in its imbalance, will provide the excuse for racism. Restricting Muslim dress, such as head and face coverings for public sector employees, and pouring funding into de-radicalization programs disproportionately targets those who would seek safety and tolerance in Quebec; the irony is heavy. The policies of Quebec and Montreal do not live up to the lip-service that is paid to the image of Canada as a multicultural and inclusive society. The provincial government must set a unified, clear example in its policy towards minorities and refugees; otherwise, the province will be divided in its support for refugees at a time when it ought to be laying the groundwork for accepting more out of an increasing numbers of those in need, and promoting tolerance of minorities.

All students have a responsibility to cultivate a positive environment; such a response must not only be neutral, it must be proactive. In a world of fear, hate, and uncertainty, it is essential that McGill act as a space of mutual respect. Students must not take the general sense of safety for granted, as we are all susceptible to the message of those who would divide us. In this context, the university must recall its response to the charter in 2013; professors stood up against the proposed law, and the university itself took a united stance in dissent. While this action will not end prejudice, it is what the university must strive for.

Do you have thoughts on this issue? Send a message to [email protected].

 

 

 

 

a, McGill, News

Tuition deregulation, financial report dominate Senate discussion

by Kyle Dolph on

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At its third meeting of the year on Nov. 18, the McGill Senate expressed hope that the provincial government would allow for tuition deregulation for international, and potentially non-Quebec Canadian students across all faculties. Amendments to the university’s safe disclosure policy and the continued problem of deferred maintenance to infrastructure were also discussed.

 

Tuition deregulation

 

McGill University Principal Suzanne Fortier explained the benefits of a self-funded tuition model for the university.

“If tomorrow […] all international fees were deregulated, we at McGill would [not have an] insignificant amount of resources which we could put towards increasing the quality of our programs and giving bursaries to our students,” Fortier said.

Fortier also discussed the way that tuition money is currently redistributed across the province to other universities in Quebec.

“Each of our students who is not a Quebec resident contributes to the Quebec bursary program,” she said. “However, those students are not eligible for the Quebec bursary program themselves. If we collected those fees, rather than send them to Quebec City, we would be able to use them in our own bursary program for international, non-Quebec, and Quebec students.”

Fortier went on to discuss Quebec’s complex funding structure for universities.

“[Socioeconomic diversity and tuition deregulation] are not incompatible, but this is not obvious if you don’t know the details of a very complicated funding formula in this province,” Fortier said.

Meanwhile, Arts Senator Erin Sobat questioned the university’s model for deregulated tuition.

“It was mentioned that McGill will apply a policy of ‘market rates,’ looking at our peer institutions,” Sobat said. “Would the university consider internal targets, an alternative to the market rate model?”

Provost Christopher Manfredi responded to Sobat by explaining that such decisions would likely be made at the faculty level, should deregulation be granted. The Faculty of Management, whose tuition has been deregulated since 2008, already utilizes such a method to set prices.

Manfredi also addressed questions of how the university planned to adapt tuition policy to the diversity of international funding models for prospective students.

“We’ve been working very hard on the philanthropic front to establish specialized financing programs for those students—the Mastercard program is a good example of that,” Manfredi said.

It was later revealed in an annual financial report presented to the Senate by McGill Vice-President (VP), (Administration & Finance) Michael Di Grappa that McGill returns $72 million each year to the province from the tuition paid by international and out of province students.

 

Deferred infrastructure maintenance

 

Di Grappa presented the university’s annual financial report which cited, amongst other problems, a $1.3 billion tab in deferred infrastructure maintenance on campus. One senator suggested a fundraising campaign, similar to that held in 2013, which raised over $1 billion for the university. Di Grappa, however, largely dismissed such an idea.

“Donors don’t want to give to bricks and mortar anymore,” he said. “There certainly wasn’t much in the last campaign that gave to deferred maintenance. Donors generally tend to prefer to give money for student support, scholarships, chairs, programs—that kind of thing”.

Di Grappa did remark, however, that a fundraising campaign would most likely be instituted should the university acquire the Royal Victoria Hospital Complex.

“If we were to acquire The Royal Victoria Hospital, there could be a campaign tied around that; but that is still very preliminary,” he said.

 

Safe disclosure policy

 

The only matter that elicited much disagreement amongst senators during the session was in regards to the university’s new safe disclosure, or whistle-blowing policy, designed to facilitate the good faith reporting of improper activities, such as academic and research misconduct.

University Libraries Senator Marc Richard felt that the policy did not do enough to protect accused individuals who are found innocent.

“The first sentence assures that the discloser is afforded protection in regard to position and to reputation,” he said. “What it does not do is afford the same protection to the responded […] this is particularly important to respondents who happen to be found innocent.”

Faculty of Law Senator Angela Campbell opposed such a change.

“The policy is for individuals who often feel too vulnerable to come forward,” she said.

 Campbell also remarked that the new document clearly delineates the responsibility of the university to those found innocent.

“This policy has  a provision in it that protects the right of the respondent,” she said. “There is a procedurally fair mechanism in place to investigate complaints.”

Ultimately, a motion to make a minor edit to the policy’s statement of principles to reflect protection of those ‘respondents’ found innocent failed in a vote by a roughly three-to-one margin.

a, Science & Technology

Media response to tragedies in Paris and Beirut incite controversy

by Uzair Khan on

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On Nov. 12, 2015, 43 civilians lost their lives in twin bombings claimed by ISIS in Beirut. The next day, 129 civilians lost their lives in multiple ISIS attacks in Paris. Both tragedies have drawn in sympathy and well-wishes from around the world, but this support has been met with controversy. Many are upset that the events in Paris garnered more support and attention from Western countries than the events in Beirut. For example, Facebook gave users the ability to add the French flag to their profile picture as a sign of solidarity with France, but presented no such option for Lebanon. 

Writers from USAToday, The Huffington Post, and The New York Times have claimed that this imbalanced reaction stems from Westerners holding lives of other Westerners above those of Middle Easterners, and consequently, the loss of their people of lesser importance. Researchers explain, however, that the difference in reactions to these two massacres is largely based on relatability. Witnessing a close family member suffering is undoubtedly bound to cause more grief and pain than watching a distant acquaintance experience the same thing. This experience—called empathy—is the ability to understand another person’s condition from their perspective.

“It is perhaps one of the most defining features of humanity,” wrote Farriss Samarrai in an article for UVAToday. 

This past January, a group of researchers from McGill’s Pain Genetics Lab set out to prove how the relationships between two individuals could affect emotions. To do this, the team first treated McGill undergraduate students with a painful stimuli and asked them to rate the pain. The students rated the pain similarly when tested alone or with a stranger; however, when tested with a friend, the pain levels felt by the student had increased. This increase in pain, the researched hypothesized, was due to a greater amount of empathy felt between the individuals, causing them to feel each other’s pain. 

Taking their research a step forward, the scientists pharmacologically inhibited glucocorticoid receptors—involved in stress—in their participants. When they did this, they observed higher pain ratings. By blocking the receptors, the individual felt a lower level of social stress, and thus a higher vulnerability to pain. In essence, the person was less worried about being in an unfamiliar environment with an unfamiliar person, and consequently, had more capacity to feel their pain. When the tests were emulated in mice, the team observed similar results. 

The group’s efforts provided valuable insight about how an individual is able to empathize. The inner biological actions of empathy, however, have continued to remain elusive. To shed more light on this, researchers from the University of Virginia looked at how individuals respond to threats. The team took fMRI brain scans of individuals in an experimental condition where either they, their friend, or a stranger was placed under the threat of electric shock. When the threat was to the self or a friend, similar areas of the brain, specifically the anterior insula, putamen and supramarginal gyrus, were activated. However, when the threat was to a stranger, these areas showed little activity. 

“Familiarity involves the inclusion of the other into the self, that from the perspective of the brain, our friends and loved ones are indeed part of who we are,” the researchers explained in their paper.

Through close familiarity, one person’s pain is felt by others. This is precisely the reason why there was an immense outpouring of support for those affected by the tragedies that occurred in Paris and Beirut. But this is also partly the reason why more support and recognition were shown towards Paris by Westerners. France is more ‘familiar’ to Western countries because it shares some of the same cultural and historical backgrounds as other western countries. This causes Westerners to associate with the people in Paris more than those in Beirut, and thus, feel their pain more. 

a, Hockey, Sports

Changing the Game: Fixing the NHL’s scoring problem

by Tanveer Ahmed, Sason Ross, Nicole Spadotto, and Ellie Solloway on

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Goals are at a premium in today’s NHL. The average number of goals per game has fallen from 6.05 to 5.32 since the 2005-2006 season. The Tribune sports section weighs in on how to shock this icy game back to life.

  • No icing on the cake

     

  • Two minutes to save the world

     

  • Don’t mess with the status quo

     

  • Increased surface area

     

 

a, Off the Board, Opinion

Straightening out our public health priorities

by Elie Waitzer on

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The world has been focused on the eradication of polio since the launch of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988. The campaign is backed by massive funding from private philanthropists such as Bill Gates, and by the Global Alliance for Immunizations and Vaccinations (GAVI). Today, only one wild type strain is still transmitted, and the entire world is certified polio-free, except for Pakistan and Afghanistan. The measles virus, meanwhile, proliferates freely in many developing areas, and causes the most vaccine-preventable deaths of any disease worldwide. While its average mortality rate is very low, the risk of death for children under five who have malnutrition is around 10 per cent. Despite the urgency of tackling measles, global public health efforts have remained focused on polio due to philanthropic stubbornness driven by a simplistic cost-benefit frame of reference that ignores the value of human life.

From an epidemiological standpoint, three criteria must be met to successfully eradicate a virus: Scientific feasibility, social cooperation, and—most importantly—political will. Gates and others, who have donated billions of dollars with the expressed goal of eradicating polio, aren’t going to move their support to measles with the task so close to completion. Economically, this perspective makes a lot of sense. The Gates Foundation estimates that the GPEI’s efforts will generate net benefits of 40 to 50 billion USD over the two decades following eradication. The bulk of this estimate is accounted for by the fact that, once fully eradicated, it will no longer be necessary to vaccinate against polio (as was the case with the successful eradication of smallpox and rinderpest). It’s simple arithmetic: The marginal benefit of lowering annual polio cases from 50 to zero is greater than the cost of neglecting the approximately 500,000 annual measles cases.

 

When a problem is approached with a strictly economic perspective, compassion doesn’t factor into the equation.

There are two harsh realities to take away from this situation. First, when a problem is approached with a strictly economic perspective, compassion doesn’t factor into the equation. The second is that you can’t bite the hand that feeds you; philanthropic efforts often lose sight of the bigger picture, but at the same time, their private nature makes them unreceptive and immune to criticism. One of the reasons given on the Gates Foundation website for the urgency of the cause is that “eradicating polio is also an important milestone for the Decade of Vaccines.” The implicit message here is that it’s an important personal milestone for Gates to satisfy his own desire to go down in history as the man who eradicated polio. It betrays a dangerous element of ego that may be clouding the philanthropist’s decision-making process.

It isn’t as if the measles effort has been completely abandoned—significant reductions in measles cases have been achieved since the turn of the century—but statistics have plateaued since 2010. Due to growing anti-vaccine sentiments among many religious communities, reported cases in North America have actually increased from 66 in 2005 to 19,898 last year.

Polio reduction statistics have also levelled off over that time period, due largely to a lack of social cooperation in Middle Eastern regions where anti-Western ideology creates a hostile and dangerous environment for both foreign and local immunization workers. Even with unlimited resources, it’s impossible to build a dam when you have a tiny leak. The funds that are being poured into what is at this point a controlled situation would be better utilized if reallocated towards providing accessible two-dose measles vaccinations worldwide. This shift would be eased by the fact that the measles effort could piggyback on much of the infrastructure put in place for polio eradication, such as safe vaccination centres in developing areas. The Gates Foundation and GAVI have accomplished incredible things since the GPEI was launched in the ’80s—and polio eradication is still important—but it’s time to step back and reprioritize.

Do you have thoughts on philanthropy, vaccinations, and global health? Send a message to [email protected].

 

 

 

 

 

Elie Waitzer is a fourth year economics student and baseball aficionado hailing from Toronto. He also enjoys baking in his free time.

 

@McGillTribOp | [email protected]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
a, Student Life, Student of the Week

Student of the Week: Maud Schram

by Alizeh Ejaz on

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Maud Schram is passionate about human rights and global issues. A U3 student double-majoring in Political Science and International Development and minoring in Environment, Schram hopes to use her education and experience with on-campus organizations to promote global humanitarian development.

“I was born in Lyon, France, and then at the age of six I moved to the U.S.,” Schram said. “From having moved countries, I’ve just always been interested in international matters and political issues.”

To assume an active role in global affairs, Schram took on the role of co-president of McGill Students for UNICEF. She participates in fundraising, as well as advocacy and on-campus awareness about UNICEF.

Schram and her team of McGill Students for UNICEF launched a viral campaign on Sunday Nov 22 called #PiecesLeftBehind to foster awareness and empathy for Syrian refugees. 

“The goal of #PiecesLeftBehind is that people post a childhood picture of themselves and then they write three things that were significant to them in their childhood […] growing up,” Schram said. “It […] reflects back to the idea that refugees often have to leave their material possessions and sometimes their families too, and can’t afford to take everything with them.”

Schram hopes #PiecesLeftBehind will become as prominent as the ALS ice bucket challenge, and will make refugee justice and aid more visible.

 Working for McGill Students for UNICEF, however, is not just about helping the current global community, but also providing a better foundation for the upcoming generation.

“My inspiration for [getting involved with] UNICEF comes from UNICEF itself,” Schram said. “While the United Nations may not be a perfect body, I think UNICEF is key because it serves children—the upcoming generation. We hear a lot of negativity in the world; however, UNICEF, and other external factors, have worked to increase the standard of living around the world.”

Furthermore, Schram hopes to use her knowledge in international development studies and human development experience from McGill to help empower women when it comes to sexual violence. 

“In the future I aspire to change the structures we currently have in society that put women at a disadvantage,” Schram explained. “One issue that I find particularly important and deplorable is sexual assault: The stigmas that surround it, and the subsequent steps survivors are burdened with.”

Schram would like to create an awareness and outreach campaign in the near future where survivors are reminded they are not alone in their struggle. There are numerous groups and campaigns that share a similar message, but unfortunately the stigma remains prevalent. She hopes to continue to be an advocate for women’s rights and a world free of sexual exploitation. 

Something Schram also feels strongly about is McGill students’ rights to a more effective mental health clinic. She believes it is every student’s right to receive the appropriate help he/she needs from the university. 

“I’ve been dealing with some mental health issues and just the process of going through that here at McGill has been [a struggle],” she said. “It takes three months to get to see someone from McGill mental health [….] I find it pretty unfortunate and pretty embarrasing on the part of McGill for not properly taking care of mental health issues.” 

Schram believes the McGill community has an important role to play in raising awareness about the McGill mental health clinic’s inefficiency in addressing serious health problems. 

“It’s really difficult when you’re taking a full load of courses and participating in extracurricular activities,” Schram explained. “This university should just take better care of its students, and the students should speak up.” 

Schram hopes to bring positive change to the world by utilizing her experiences at McGill to enact real change. As this is her last academic year, she looks forward to spending time exploring her interests in reading about social science, discovering new places to eat around Montreal, and continuing to meet people from different backgrounds. Schram is excited to learn about the numerous opportunities her degree will lead her to after graduation—including, hopefully, a position with UNICEF. 

a, Science & Technology

Montreal’s 2015 International Game Summit

by Alex Bankier on

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Whether it’s Candy Crush Saga or Fallout 4, video games are an increasingly integral part of everyday life. The enormous range of developers churning out games means that there is more or less something for everyone on the market. The challenge remains, however, to get noticed and then get published. Today, one of the best places for video game creators to gain popularity is at the Montreal International Game Summit (MIGS). Since its inception in 2004, MIGS has provided a platform for video game creators and enthusiasts to collaborate as well as showcase the latest hot talents and emerging technologies. 

Running from Nov. 15 to 17, MIGS 2015 began in earnest with the Big Indie Pitch event, a travelling showcase sponsored by the online magazine Pocket Gamer. During the competition, several independent developers demoed their mobile games before a panel of judges, Dragon’s Den-style. Everything from wingsuit-simulators to finger-based sorcerer combat games were showcased, and in the end, one of the simpler games took home the gold. The crowned victor, Grumz, requires only one finger to play; users must tap their screen to stop an infinitely yo-yoing ball from getting wrecked by other polygons. 

Though seemingly simple, the use of elegant and straightforward interfaces continues to dominate the industry, as seen in the Expo Zone. Here, MIGS participants presented their technology and games to attendees. Local powerhouse Ubisoft presented its brutal new third-person hack ‘n slasher For Honor in a tense 4v4 tournament, while Quebec City-based unknown Parabole showed off a visually minimalist, yet striking, exploration through northern Quebec’s wilderness with Kôna.

MIGS is the largest gaming conference on the East Coast. (Emma Hameau / McGill Tribune)
 Game developers presented their creations in the Expo Zone. (Emma Hameau / McGill Tribune)

Aside from the ongoing expo-zone, seminars and talks were presented throughout every day of the conference. One session featured Dominic Vega and Jason Kantor—resident aural wizards with developer Avalanche Studios—as they debriefed the entirety of their experience with the sound design and implementation in Avalanche’s nuclear-powered blockbuster: Just Cause 3. In their talk, Kantor and Vega highlighted the challenge of developing complex sound cascades that could be available at any second with the game’s plethora of weapons, vehicles, and destructible objects at the player’s disposal. It’s easy to tell the duo knows their stuff; coherent explanations made a concept as esoteric as spline––polynomial functions used to create everything from level-up schemes to in-game camera movement––feel as accessible as elementary school arithmetic. 

“[Just Cause 3’s mix of] aircraft, motorboats, and land vehicle [sounds] were a delight to work on,” explained Kantor. “They all sound absolutely incredible.” 

Dave Miner, product marketing manager with Yamaha, has been working with fellow music equipment company Steinberg to release the newest version of their acclaimed sound software Nuendo. The result is Nuendo 7—a software for editing and mixing sound, complete with a special tie-in for game developers. The tie-in is full integration with game audio group Audiokinetic’s ubiquitous sound software Wwise, allowing for simple drag-and-drop operation when exporting mixed sounds from Nuendo 7 to Wwise. Because of this, it now takes mere seconds, instead of hours, to transfer sounds between the two systems—which is used to put the desired sound into a game. Remarkably, this system has compatibility with platforms ranging from Android to Xbox One, and every game engine from Unity to CryEngine. In a serendipitous discovery, Miner and his team found that the Nuage mixing console’s touch feedback and ergonomic design even enable editing via virtual reality (VR) headset, effectively immersing the user in both the game and Nuendo 7 interface.  

“[When we released the technology] we had no idea [this capability] even existed,” Miner said. 

Indie developers presented new creations at MIGS15. (Emma Hameau / McGill Tribune)
 As technology has improved, game developers have been able to create more immersive experiences. (Emma Hameau / McGill Tribune)

This interest in VR was seen in works being produced by many other MIGS participants. For example, the Digital Imagery Research and Development Centre (CDRIN), is based out of CÉGEP de Matane, and possesses Canada’s largest motion capture studio—a taste of which was presented at MIGS. 

A welded metal framework surrounded by rigging fitted with infrared lights and cameras provide the staging for the experience. Clad in a bodysuit covered in reflective spheres, Camille Tremblay, CDRIN’s project manager, has her every movement rendered onscreen in real-time by cameras catching the infrared light reflected back from the spheres. Attendees are invited to join by putting on a CDRIN VR headset. While wearing the headset, users ‘see’ Tremblay as a spaceship captain inside a futuristic elevator, which is used to visit three floors featuring different virtual environments. The most notable scene is a balcony overlooking a breath-taking mountainside castle. But the VR headset goes beyond what users see, it can change the very laws of physics. In this VR world, Tremblay steps off the castle balcony and walks on air.  Participants, if they dare, are encouraged to follow.

While developers cannot yet nullify Earth’s gravity, other technologies are being introduced to create unique gaming experiences. North Carolina-based Spark Plug Games was founded by John O’Neill, responsible for the rapid-fire, run ‘n gun Mech Runner. But O’Neill’s game has a twist—it uses eye-tracking software, courtesy of Tobii Technology, in addition to a hand-held controller. With this, gamers can simply look at enemies in order to target them for destruction. If combined with a VR headset, Tobii’s EyeX Tracker could allow users the unprecedented experience of a world that reacts dynamically to both sight and bodily orientation in real-time. 

With the rapidly expanding set of tools available to game developers, new gaming mechanics are being used to tell uniquely immersive stories. After all, the most memorable games allow a person to become wholly invested––mentally and emotionally––in the experience. While big name developers may be slow to challenge conventional storytelling, this is, fortunately, where indie developers really shine. Games like the eerie, black and white side-scrolling puzzle game Limbo––a stunning example of games as an art form––can be made without massive budgets and VR technology. Add in the crowdfunding and communicative capacity of the internet, and indie developers can churn out innovative cult classics indefinitely.     

Tom Brady Cam Newton
a, Football, Sports

Point-counterpoint: Tom Brady vs. Cam Newton

by Arman Bery and Joe Khammar on

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With 11 weeks in the books, the New England Patriots and the Carolina Panthers stand alone as the only undefeated teams in the NFL. Superstar quarterback Brady’s greatness is nothing novel, but nobody expected him to achieve this level of success at 38 years old with a relatively weak supporting cast. The narrative developing in Carolina has been even more surprising. Playing with a depleted receiving corps, Cam Newton has fearlessly led his Panthers to win after win. It’s no question that both of these teams would be completely lost without their supremely talented quarterbacks, but who has been more valuable to this point: Tom Brady or Cam Newton?

Cam Newton

Cocky. Arrogant. Bragadocious. Carolina Panthers quarterback Cam Newton’s demonstrative style of play and ultra-confident attitude has made him an easy target for conservative news members and media, as well as football ‘purists.’ With his team sitting at a perfect 9-0, Newton has silenced his critics in a big way this season. Newton is as physically gifted as any player in the NFL today, but this season is the first year where it seems that his football IQ has caught up to his athleticism. When standout sophomore wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin tore his ACL in training camp, many wondered how the Steve Smith-less Panthers offence would fare. With an offensive line that is statistically ranked as 14th in the league as of Nov. 17, Newton has gone through the season with a depleted receiving corps, a middle-of-the-pack offensive line and a good but inconsistent running back-full back tandem of Jonathan Stewart and Mike Tolbert. Newton has the benefit of being the leader of a team with a strong defence as well as a great coach in Ron “Riverboat” Rivera, but a lot of the Panthers success this season can be credited to Newton’s sublime play so far this season.

Newton’s expressive touchdown celebrations, including 'dabbing,’ have been met with unfair criticism and scrutiny, simply because he is choosing to express his happiness through some dance moves and his patented Superman celebration. As Stephen A. Smith stated recently in his debate with Skip Bayless on ESPN First Take, “we don’t see anyone getting after Tom Brady going all Psycho Tom.” Tom Brady’s antics on the field have been more or less accepted now due to his unrivaled greatness, but is it really fair to chastise Newton while giving Brady continued free passes? The Panthers and the New England Patriots are the only two undefeated teams in the league, and no matter how they got there, both quarterbacks have been elite in their own ways while leading their teams through a grueling NFL regular season.

The fifth-year signal caller’s offensive repertoire this year is as diverse as it has ever been, which is a nightmare for opposing defences. Newton is 6’5,” 245 pounds, making him a very difficult person to tackle; additionally, he is an elite athlete with excellent agility who can elude and sprint away from defenders with his great improvisational skills. He also has a rocket of an arm which he has put on full display this year when throwing lasers on seam routes to his favorite receiver this year, tight end Greg Olsen. His ability to run is a huge weapon in their offence because they have the ability to run ‘the option,’ and he’s nearly unstoppable in the red zone when he can extend his huge frame across the goal line while leaping through the air. The biggest difference that fans and analysts can see this year with Newton is a more poised and decisive decision maker in the pocket, and his progression reads are much better which has lead to much better accuracy. What Newton has been able to do with a relatively depleted offence is amazing and speaks volumes to how integral he is to this team. He plays the premier position in football, and he has been the biggest driving force of an undefeated team that no one saw coming. The potential was always there for the No. 1 overall pick, it just took the 26-year-old a few years to figure out when to use his wide array of offensive skills. The realization of all his talent has cumulated to a player who goes out onto the field every week and performs at a level that allows him to live up to his lofty nickname of “Super Cam.”

—Arman Bery

Tom Brady

Tom Brady is a force of nature. No other player has shown his supremacy quite like Brady has over the course of his career. Consider that at 38-years-old, Brady is playing his best football ever and that he’s undoubtedly the reason for the Patriots’ success. Brady is the MVP because of his ability to improve the overall talent of those around him, and to dominate the tempo of games with his efficient passing. His talent is so transcendent that he raises his teammates to his level. You can take away Brandon LaFell for the first half of the season. Place starters Julian Edelman and Dion Lewis on injured reserve. It’s not going to slow Brady down.  

The Brady effect is aura that charges the Patriots offence. No matter who you give Brady at the skill positions, he makes them better.

“The reason you gotta go with Tom Brady is because […he] makes receivers,” former NFL cornerback Ike Taylor said on Dave Damesheck’s podcast. “He'll turn a no-namer into ‘Okay, who is this kid?’"

The Brady effect extends further than just the wide receivers. Running back LeGarrette Blount doesn’t have to worry about a stacked box and is able to run freely. While at Tampa Bay, Blount was averaging 4.3 yards per carry (ypc), not a bad number by any stretch of the imagination, but only averaged 3.7 ypc in his final year with the Buccaneers.  Since joining the Patriots, Blount has been averaging 4.7 ypc. The same applied to Dion Lewis who, before his injury, looked like Jamaal Charles in his prime and was on pace to set an NFL record 112 broken tackles in a season per Fox Sports.

No other quarterback improves the overall quality of an offence as much as Brady. Not even the Panthers’ Cam Newton.  The Panthers and Patriots have similar offences in the sense that they both have dominant tight ends (Greg Olson and Rob Gronkowski) and a very average crop of wide receivers.  The difference is that Newton doesn’t raise the talent of those around him.  Ted Ginn Jr. still looks like Ted Ginn Jr., never rising above the potential he flashed in his 790-yard season with the Dolphins in 2008. Devin Funchess, a first round pick in the 2015 draft, has been underwhelming despite his towering stature and raw talent.  Conversely, Brady’s receiving corps consists of a seventh-round pick college quarterback, and undrafted kick returner, and LaFell, whom Carolina deemed as not worth keeping despite their wide receiver issues.

Yet some falsely believe Newton is more important to Carolina than Brady is to New England.  The Carolina defence has been the Panthers’ most valuable asset—it has stifled nearly all opponents.  In comparison, Newton currently has a 56 per cent completion rate which puts him just ahead of Blake Bortles on the season, and is historically bad for a supposed MVP candidate.  Newton also hasn’t needed to do very much offensively with talented running back Jonathan Stewart and elite corner Josh Norman taking control of every game. In fact, he has been more of a detriment than anything else to the Panthers.  In a Week 8 matchup against the Packers, Newton was singlehandedly responsible for keeping the Packers in the game with a late game interception.  He also has been extremely inefficient passing the ball.  With a 56 per cent completion rate, and with three times as many interceptions as Brady thus far, it's insulting to even compare the two in terms of importance.

New England’s entire offensive strategy runs through Brady.  The way the Patriots offence works this year is reminiscent of the Packers last year.  As the best team in the first quarter in 2014, the Packers were rarely ever down in a game and this forced teams to always play from behind. The Patriots are doing the exact same thing.  Against the Buffalo Bills, Tom Brady was able to get his team off to a commanding lead in the first half.  As a result the Bills had to make Tyrod Taylor throw the ball 30 times to even have a shot at victory. This formula allows the Patriots to control the tempo and outcome of every game. Brady is the force, both mental and physical, behind the weekly success of this team. To everyone who has the honour of watching Tom Brady in action, you know that he is special. You know that he does nothing but dominate week in and week out, and you know he is the reason the Patriots are undefeated.

—Joe Khammar

Editors’ Pick: Newton

While Brady’s numbers are undeniably superior, Newton has captivated football fans across the world this season with his improved decision-making under centre, powerful running game, and enthusiastic celebrations. He’s not just the MVP of the league, he’s the MVP of our hearts.

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